Built for Africa. Now Dead.

A minute of silence to the African software products that are no longer operating. Learn what they built, what led to their closure, and which alternatives continue to serve their users today.

African Software Shutdowns · 140 products

The Graveyard is an editorial archive. Each fate describes what happened to a product as an independent service, while the record separates documented facts from community opinion. How the Graveyard works →

Invest XD

Here lies InvestXD. Three MEST graduates built a place to buy Ghanaian unit trusts and treasury bills without queueing at a bank. It pitched at DEMO Africa and did not place. The only investment product it ever finally listed was its own domain, for sale.

2017 – December 2019Fintech🇬🇭 Ghana

KebreaGhana

Here lies Kebrea. Two founders saved GHS 150 a month each to register it, then sold electronics on hire purchase and booked GHS 500,000 in sales. The press stopped writing in January 2018. The shop that let Ghanaians pay in instalments ran out of time to collect.

2015 – August 2019E-commerce & Retail🇬🇭 Ghana

Maka

Here lies MAKA. Jumia Ghana's first chief executive built a live video shopping app for fashion and beauty and raised $2.65m in December 2023. Nothing was published after it. The livestream ended, and its lead investor quietly took the company off the portfolio page.

2021 – December 2023E-commerce & Retail🇳🇬 Nigeria,🇬🇭 Ghana

Uru

Here lies Uru. It launched in April 2017 promising taxis, charter cars and parcel delivery across five African markets at once. It never published a single number from any of them. The most ambitious route it ever mapped was the one it never drove.

2017 – UnknownTravel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

Vielly

Here lies Vielly. It planned shared rides along Accra's busiest road at a third of Uber's price, picking commuters up at bus stops. In December 2020 it was still hoping to launch the following month. The ride never came.

Unknown – December 2020Travel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

Truckr

Here lies Truckr. It matched shippers with vetted truck operators, won $100,000 from MEST and a pitch prize in 2019, and claimed two hundred active trucks. Its own investor quietly dropped it from the portfolio page while its cohort-mates stayed. The last load was never collected.

2018 – October 2019Logistics & Supply Chain🇬🇭 Ghana

Eiko Health

Here lies Eiko Health. A banker came home after his father could not get emergency care and built an app to book doctors on demand. Eighteen months later the registrar dissolved it for filing nothing at all. No one answered its own emergency.

2017 – October 2018Health Tech🇬🇭 Ghana

Tingo

Here lies Tingo. It claimed millions of Nigerian farmers and $461.7m sitting in the bank, reverse-merged onto Nasdaq and seated a former president on its board. The real balance was under fifty dollars. Everything about it grew except the crops.

2001 – December 2024Agri Tech🇳🇬 Nigeria

Driva

Here lies Driva. It joined the crowd of Ghanaian ride-hailing apps chasing Uber into Accra, promising drivers rewards for their loyalty. No founder, funding or closing date was ever recorded, and nobody can say whether a single reward was paid out.

Unknown – May 2024Travel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

Dropyn

Here lies Dropyn. It launched in Accra as wholly Ghanaian-owned, with fifty cars, two celebrity ambassadors and a promise that drivers would own their vehicle after two years of payments. The app stopped updating after eighteen months. Nobody finished the instalments.

2019 – February 2021Travel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

Enshika

Here lies Enshika. It booked taxis over USSD so riders needed neither a smartphone nor a data bundle, and ran in Accra, Kumasi and Takoradi. Its last app release was September 2019. The service that worked without the internet was finally erased by it.

2017 – September 2019Travel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

Rabarides

Here lies Raba Rides. It let Accra drivers pick up commuters heading the same way, priced for the people Uber had already priced out. One archived page from January 2023 is the whole record. The site still answers, and still refuses to take anyone.

Unknown – January 2023Travel & Mobility🇬🇭 Ghana

African Jober

Here lies African Jober. A Swiss private banker taught himself to code and built a portal to match skilled Africans with employers worldwide. It filed dormant accounts, then nothing at all. The job board that promised work never found any of its own.

Unknown – October 2018HR & Talent🇬🇭 Ghana

GreenPath Food

Here lies GreenPath Food. It cold-chained organic fruit and herbs from hundreds of Ethiopian smallholders to buyers in Europe and the Gulf, on $4.5m from Novastar and development finance. Nobody said why it stopped. The creditors' liquidation was the last harvest left to divide.

2015 – December 2023Agri Tech🇪🇹 Ethiopia

Hohm Energy

Here lies Hohm Energy. It matched South African homeowners with solar installers and lenders, and raised the largest seed round the country had ever seen. Then the load-shedding stopped. Seven months after the record raise, the lights came back on and Hohm went out.

2021 – September 2024Energy & Utilities🇿🇦 South Africa

Shopnaw

Here lies Shopnaw. It put groceries, market goods, pharmacy items and restaurant meals in one Ghanaian marketplace and sent personal shoppers to the door. Its four apps stopped updating in August 2021 and were pulled from the store. Nobody came to collect the last order.

2019 – August 2021E-commerce & Retail🇬🇭 Ghana

Surfline

Here lies Surfline. It gave Ghana its first 4G network and still held a quarter of the fixed broadband market in 2022. Then exclusivity ended, the debts outran the revenue, and the network went down in February 2023. The company that sold connection was disconnected by the regulator.

2011 – May 2023Telecom & Connectivity🇬🇭 Ghana

Sesacash

Here lies Sesacash. It held twenty traditional and digital currencies in one wallet for Ghana and Nigeria and paid crypto cashback to win users, reaching a thousand of them. The blog stops dead on 13 April 2020. Its domain now spends someone else's money.

2018 – April 2020Crypto & Web3🇬🇭 Ghana,🇳🇬 Nigeria

Busy Internet

Here lies Busy Internet. Accra's landmark cafe turned 4G network, cash-positive four months after opening in 2001. Two decades on it could not pay the tower company, and the regulator's last subscriber count is the whole record. The line went dead without a disconnection notice.

2001 – 2022Telecom & Connectivity🇬🇭 Ghana

Cango (formerly SafeMotos)

Here lies Cango, which began as SafeMotos. It scored moto-taxi riders on telematics and ran half a million trips before Kinshasa grew 260% a month. Enthusiasm never became cheques: $180,000 of a $1m round arrived. The safest ride it ever called was the one to the exit.

2014 – January 2020Travel & Mobility🇷🇼 Rwanda,🇨🇩 DR Congo

Zoobashop

Here lies Zoobashop. One of Ghana's first home-grown online stores, it sold electronics and appliances on delivery from 2013 and won the marketing institute's e-commerce award twice. The storefront was quietly decommissioned in 2022. Someone still pays the rent on the empty shop.

2013 – January 2022E-commerce & Retail🇬🇭 Ghana

Zuberi

Here lies Zuberi. It let salaried Ghanaians draw the wages they had already earned, won ISO 27001 and a Google Black Founders Fund grant. Then the finance regulator decided it looked too much like a bank and told it to stop. Its own advance never cleared.

Unknown – December 2022Fintech🇬🇭 Ghana

Codefactory

Here lies Code Factory. It taught Accra's under-17s Scratch, Python and robotics under the wing of a large Ghanaian conglomerate. Nobody wrote a closing notice. The school that taught children to build for the web let its own domain expire.

Unknown – September 2022EdTech🇬🇭 Ghana

Bkam

Here lies Bkam. It helped Egyptians compare prices on books, electronics, and more. Counting on a promised half-million dollars, the founder burned company and personal savings for four months while the investor delayed, then vanished. The one price it couldn't check was an investor's word.

2012 – February 2016E-commerce & Retail🇪🇬 Egypt
About the archive

How the Graveyard works

The Graveyard is an editorial archive. Each fate describes what happened to a product as an independent service, while the record separates documented facts from community opinion.

Read our editorial standards →

What belongs here

Products that shut down, were deliberately sunset, were absorbed into another company or brand, or are confirmed dormant.

How records are verified

We review company announcements, founder statements, credible reporting, archived pages, and other public evidence.

What each record explains

Complete records document the timeline, outcome, contributing causes, lessons, cited sources, and active alternatives where available.

Frequently asked questions about the Liners Startups Graveyard.

The Liners Graveyard is a documented archive of African software products that no longer operate as independent products. Each complete record explains when the product operated, how it ended, what contributed to the outcome, and which alternatives remain active.

A product may be included when it has shut down, been discontinued by its owner, been absorbed into another company or brand, or remained dormant long enough that it no longer appears to operate. We distinguish those outcomes on each record rather than calling every case a failure.

We review official company announcements, founder statements, credible reporting, archived pages, and other public evidence. Available citations are listed in the Sources section of the product record, and records can be corrected as better evidence emerges.

Shut down means the product's operations ended. Sunset means its owner deliberately discontinued it. Absorbed means it stopped operating independently after a rebrand, merger, or acquisition. Dormant means there are strong signs that the product is inactive, but no definitive closure announcement.

Surviving alternatives are active products with meaningful overlap in category, features, markets, and use case. They use the same alternatives method as the rest of Liners, and placement is not sold.

Yes. Use the Suggest a correction action on the product page to tell us what needs to change and include a supporting source where possible. Our researchers review corrections before updating a record.

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